course structure

course syllabus

unit 1: emergence of new ideas: renaissance in europe

• meaning and definition of renaissance
• rebirth and cultural changes of this period
• growth of urban culture and revival of the towns
• new disciplines (subjects) taught

unit 2: renaissance and humanism

• growth of humanist culture in italian universities
• man as an individual, capable of making his own decision and developing his own skills

unit 3: renaissance in art and literature

• the work of great artists like leonardo -da- vinci, michelangelo, donatello, etc

• the new style of architecture the “classical style”

• the element of realism added to art and architecture by studying, geometry bone structures, use of light and oil

• printing of classical texts which helped in spreading the torch of knowledge amongst readers

unit 4: renaissance and science

• development of scientific thinking
• humanism and science
• scholastic thinking and science
• role of print media
• scientific revolution

unit 5: renaissance and religion

• decline of catholic church
• religious growth
• protestant reformation
• protestant movements

unit 6: new world order

a. industrialization of europe: the industrial revolution

• industrial revolution
• growth of new cities
• urban migration
• changing economy
• inventions and inventors
• impact of industrialization on handicrafts and cottage industries

b. capitalism

• the concept and the meaning of capitalism
• difference between haves and have-nots
• factor giving birth to capitalism
• characteristic features of capitalism

c. colonization

• concept of colonization
• role of mother country
• political, social and economic changes in the ruled country

d. imperialism

• drain of wealth from the ruled country to the mother country
• meaning − social political and economic domination of one country over the other
• causes for the growth of imperialism

unit 7: basic concepts of weather and climate

• concept of weather and climate
• elements of weather and climate
  • temperature
  • pressure
  • wind -surface and upper air circulation
  • humidity - absolute, relative
  • precipitation and types
• correlation between temperature and pressure
• concept of isotherms, isobars.
• local weather conditions
• chief characteristics of tropical,temperate and polar regions

unit 8: resources

• resources and their types −
  • natural
  • human
• classification of resources based on utility, renewability and sustainability
• types of resources −
  • land – soil
  • vegetation
  • wildlife
  • minerals
  • water
  • human
• need and conservation of resources

unit 9: natural regions of the world – i

• equatorial region
• savannah region
• hot desert regions
  • location
  • climate
  • natural vegetation
  • animal life
  • human response

unit 10: natural regions of the world – ii

• mediterranean region
• temperate grassland
• temperate desert regions
  • location
  • climate
  • natural vegetation
  • animal life
• human response

unit 11: natural regions of the world – iii

• coniferous forests
• tundra region
  • location
  • climate
  • natural vegetation
  • animal life
• human response

unit 12: constitution

• meaning, features, history and growth
• meaning of the term constitution
• key features of the constitution
• history of the growth of the constitution

unit 13: kinds of constitutions (case studies)

• kinds of constitution −
  • codified
  • uncodified
  • rigid
  • flexible
• case studies: constitutions of england (uncodified) and india (codified)

unit 14: peace and conflict resolution: meaning; co-existence; causes

• meaning of the terms 'peace' and 'conflict' resolution'
• co-existence of peace and conflicts in a society
• peace as a natural social condition
• kinds of conflicts −
  • economic
  • socio-cultural
  • political
  • religious
• causes of conflicts

unit 15: need for peace in the society and combating terrorism

• need for peace
• need for peace education in schools
• concept of terrorism
• effects of terrorism on various aspects of society
• case studies: wtc destruction, militancy activities
• role and responsibility of citizens in combating terrorism

unit 16: importance of economics in human life

• importance of economics in human life
• concept of
  • demand
  • supply
  • trade

unit 17: why nations trade

• meaning of trade
• concept of domestic trade
• concept of international trade

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